High‑Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma in a 14‑Year‑Old Girl: A Rare Pediatric Uterine Malignancy
Sarcome Stromal Endométrial de Haut Grade chez une Fille de 14 Ans : une Tumeur Utérine Pédiatrique Rare
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67260/hra.v4i7.7882Keywords:
Sarcome endométriale utérin, métrorragie, biopsieAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Les sarcomes stromaux endométriaux (SSE) sont des tumeurs utérines rares, représentant moins de 1 % de l’ensemble des tumeurs utérines. Ils sont exceptionnels chez l’adolescente, la plupart des cas survenant chez la femme péri‑ménopausée. Nous rapportons le cas d’une fille de 14 ans qui consultait pour des métrorragies récidivantes, des douleurs pelviennes et une anémie progressive évoluant depuis huit mois. L’examen clinique révélait un utérus augmenté de volume, douloureux, avec une masse cervicale faisant saillie à travers l’orifice externe. L’échographie pelvienne montrait une masse endométriale hétérogène de 5,8 cm de diamètre avec une vascularisation périphérique. La biopsie de l’endomètre confirmait un sarcome stromal endométrial de haut grade. La patiente bénéficiait d’une hystérectomie totale avec conservation des ovaires. L’examen macroscopique mettait en évidence un nodule polypoïde pédiculé de 6 cm faisant saillie à travers le col, avec des surfaces de coupe myxoïdes. L’histologie montrait des nappes infiltrantes de cellules rondes à fusiformes, à noyaux hyperchromatiques, avec une activité mitotique intense, des fasciculations, des amas périvasculaires et des zones de nécrose. Aucun traitement adjuvant n’a été administré en raison de l’accès limité aux services d’oncologie. Ce cas souligne les difficultés diagnostiques des sarcomes utérins chez l’adolescente et l’importance de la biopsie endométriale précoce devant des saignements utérins anormaux inexpliqués.
ABSTRACT
Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) are rare uterine malignancies, accounting for less than 1% of all uterine tumors. They are exceptionally uncommon in adolescents, with most cases occurring in perimenopausal women. We report the case of a 14‑year‑old girl who presented with recurrent metrorrhagia, pelvic pain, and progressive anemia over eight months. Clinical examination revealed a bulky, tender uterus with a cervical mass protruding through the external os. Transabdominal ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous endometrial mass measuring 5.8 cm in diameter with peripheral vascularity. Endometrial biopsy confirmed a high‑grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. The patient underwent total hysterectomy with preservation of the ovaries. Macroscopic examination revealed a 6 cm pedunculated polypoid nodule protruding through the cervix, with myxoid cut surfaces. Histology showed infiltrative sheets of round to spindle‑shaped cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, intense mitotic activity, fasciculation, perivascular aggregation, and areas of necrosis. No adjuvant therapy was administered due to limited access to oncology services. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of uterine sarcomas in adolescents and the importance of prompt endometrial sampling in young patients with unexplained abnormal uterine bleeding.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Oumarou Gs, Towa Serges, Lankoande S Zélika, Oumara M, Ayouba A, Tankora A Azize, Seriba I, Alzouma Kader, Garba Ramatou M, Nayama M

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