Immunophénotypage CD20/CD3 du Syndrome Sec et son Évolution en Fonction de l’Âge au Sénégal: CD20/CD3 Immunophenotyping of Sjögren's Syndrome and its Age-Dependent Progression in Senegal

Seck  K; Fall NFA; Diatta M; Ngom Nk; Dieng A; Gassama  BC; Kane  M; CMM Dial; Tamba  B

doi:10.67260/hra.v4i7.7870

Authors

Seck K 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Fall NFA 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Diatta M 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Ngom Nk 3- Service du laboratoire d’Anatomopathologie, Faculté de Médicine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Dieng A 4- Service de la santé publique, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Gassama BC 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Kane M 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
CMM Dial 3- Service du laboratoire d’Anatomopathologie, Faculté de Médicine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Tamba B 1- Service de chirurgie Buccale, Institut Odontostomatologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.67260/hra.v4i7.7870

Keywords:

Sicca Syndrome, immunohistochemistry, CD20/CD3, Minor salivary gland biopsy

Abstract

Introduction. Dry mouth syndrome is a systemic condition diagnosed through immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of the accessory salivary glands following biopsy. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics and IHC profile of the CD3 and CD20 markers in Senegalese patients with xerostomia and grade ≥ 3 focal lymphocytic sialadenitis. Patients and Methods. This was a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in Dakar over a 3-year period (December 2022–December 2025). Thirty-one patients with dry mouth syndrome and a biopsy of the accessory salivary glands showing grade ≥ 3 focal sialadenitis were included. IHC for anti-CD3 and anti-CD20 was performed. Results. Women accounted for 83.9% of patients, with a mean age of 51.5 years. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome accounted for 74.2% of diagnoses. The CD20 > CD3 immunophenotypic profile was observed in 58.1% of cases. A significant age-dependent relationship was identified (p = 0.021). The CD20 > CD3 profile predominated in patients aged 43 to 60 years (80%) and decreased markedly after age 60 (22.2%). Age was an independent predictor (OR per decade = 0.66, p = 0.026). Conclusion. The decline in the CD20 > CD3 profile in older subjects suggests immunosenescence or fibrotic involution of the salivary glands. These results support the inclusion of CD20/CD3 phenotyping in the evaluation of dry syndrome in older adults.

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CD20/CD3 Immunophenotyping of Sjögren's Syndrome and its Age-Dependent Progression in Senegal