Detection of Adenoviruses and Astroviruses in Patients and Marine Animals in the Republic of Guinea
Détection des Adénovirus et des Astrovirus Chez les Patients et les Animaux Marins en République de Guinée
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20112843Keywords:
Adenovirus, Astrovirus, Diarrhoea, Prevalence, GuineaAbstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Gastroenteritis remains a major public health concern in low-income countries. Human adenoviruses (HAdVs), particularly types 40 and 41, and human Astroviruses (HAstVs) are among the principal viral agents associated with diarrheal diseases, especially in children. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of adenoviruses and Astroviruses among patients and selected marine animals in the Republic of Guinea. Methods. A total of 290 samples were analyzed, including 250 stool samples from patients presenting with diarrhea at Kindia Regional Hospital and Gueckédou Prefectural Hospital, and 40 samples from marine animals collected in Conakry (fish, crabs, and mollusks). Viral detection was performed using real-time PCR for adenoviruses and RT-PCR for Astroviruses. Results were analyzed according to age, sex, season, clinical presentation, and socio-professional category using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Among human samples, 12 out of 250 were positive for adenovirus corresponding to an overall prevalence of 4.8%. Higher positivity rates were observed among children aged 0–15years (8.19%) and during the rainy season. No statistically significant differences were observed according to sex or socio-professional category. Astrovirus was detected in one marine animal sample (1/40(2.5%)), while no positive cases were identified in fish or crabs. Conclusion. Human adenoviruses circulate among patients with gastroenteritis in Guinea, particularly among children and during the rainy season. The detection of Astroviruses in a marine organism suggests a low but potential environmental or foodborne transmission risk, supporting the relevance of an integrated One Health approach.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La gastro-entérite demeure une préoccupation majeure de santé publique dans les pays à faible revenu. Les adénovirus humains (HAdV), particulièrement les types 40 et 41, et les astrovirus humains (HAstV) figurent parmi les principaux agents viraux associés aux maladies diarrhéiques, notamment chez les enfants. Cette étude visait à déterminer la prévalence des adénovirus et des astrovirus chez des patients et certains animaux marins en République de Guinée. Méthodes. Au total, 290 échantillons ont été analysés, dont 250 échantillons de selles provenant de patients présentant une diarrhée à l'hôpital régional de Kindia et à l'hôpital préfectoral de Gueckédou, ainsi que 40 échantillons d'animaux marins collectés à Conakry (poissons, crabes et mollusques). La détection virale a été effectuée par PCR en temps réel pour les adénovirus et par RT-PCR pour les astrovirus. Les résultats ont été analysés selon l'âge, le sexe, la saison, la présentation clinique et la catégorie socioprofessionnelle à l'aide de statistiques descriptives et d'intervalles de confiance à 95 %. Résultats. Parmi les échantillons humains, 12 sur 250 étaient positifs pour l'adénovirus, correspondant à une prévalence globale de 4,8 %. Des taux de positivité plus élevés ont été observés chez les enfants âgés de 0 à 15 ans (8,19 %) et pendant la saison des pluies. Aucune différence statistiquement significative n'a été observée selon le sexe ou la catégorie socioprofessionnelle. L'astrovirus a été détecté dans un échantillon d'animal marin (1/40 (2,5 %)), tandis qu'aucun cas positif n'a été identifié chez les poissons ou les crabes. Conclusion. Les adénovirus humains circulent chez les patients atteints de gastro-entérite en Guinée, particulièrement chez les enfants et pendant la saison des pluies. La détection d'astrovirus dans un organisme marin suggère un risque de transmission environnementale ou alimentaire faible mais potentiel, soutenant la pertinence d'une approche intégrée « One Health ».
References
1. Hartman RM, Collaborators CA. Risk factors for mortality among children younger-thanage5yearswithseverediarrheainlow-andmiddle-incomecountries: Global Rota-virus and Pediatric Diarrhea Surveillance Networks. Lancet GlobHealth. 2023; 3:e1047–e1053. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00376-0
2. Ghebremedhin B. Human adenovirus: viral pathogen with increasing importance. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2014;4(1):26–33. doi:10.1556/EuJMI.4.2014.1.2.
3. World Health Organization. Scope of diarrheal disease. 2023 May 16. Available-from:https://www.who.int/newsroom/factsheets/detail/diarrhealdisease
4. Dadonaite B,RoserH.Diarrhealdiseases. OurWorldinDa-ta.2023May16.Availablefrom: https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases
5. Stuempfig ND, Seroy J. Diarrhea. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023Jun 21. doi:books/NBK518995
6. Dennehy PH, Nelson SM, Spangenberger S, Noel JS, Monroe SS, Glass RI. A pro-spective case-control study of the role of astrovirus in acute diarrhea among hospital-izedyoung children. J Infect Dis. 2001 Jul 1; 184(1):10-5. doi: 10.1086/321007. Epub2001 May 31. PMID: 11398103.
7. Troeger C, Blacker BF. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidi-ty,mortality, and etiologies of diarrhea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis forthe Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18:1211–1228.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30362-1
8. GuoX, LiD, LuW, PiaoX, ChenX. Screening of Bacillus strains as potential probiot-ics and subsequent confirmation of the in vivo effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis MA139 in pigs. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2006 Aug; 90(2):139-46. doi: 10.1007/s10482-006-9067-9. Epub 2006 Jul 4. PMID: 16820971.
9. Yinda CK, Vanhulle E, Conceição-Neto N, Beller L, Deboutte W, Shi C, Ghogomu SM, Maes P,Van Ranst M ,Matthijns sens J. Gut Virome Analysis of Cameroonians Reveals High Diversity of Enteric Viruses, Including Potential Interspecies Trans-mitted Viruses. mSphere. 2019 Jan23; 4(1):e00585-18. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00585-18.PMID: 30674646; PMCID: PMC6344602.
10. Lamberti LM, Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. Systematic review of diarrhea dura-tion and severity in children and adults in low- and middle-income countries. BMCPublic Health. 2012 Apr 6;12:276. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-276. Erratum in: BMC Public Health. 2012;12:832. PMID: 22480268; PMCID: PMC3364857.
11. Mousavi Nasab SD, ZaliF, KaghazianH, AghasadeghiMR, MardaniR, GachkarL, Ahmadi Vasmehjani A, Ahmadi N, Ghasemzadeh A. Prevalence of astrovirus, ade-novirus, and sapovirus infections among Iranian children with acute gastroenteritis. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2020 Winter;13(Suppl1):S122-S127. PMID:33585013; PMCID: PMC7881414.
12. Santosham M, Chandran A, Fitzwater S, Fischer-Walker C, Baqui AH, Black R.Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease. Lancet. 2010 Jul3;376(9734):63-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60356-X. PMID: 20609988.
13. Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization (MATD). Nationalad-ministrative data. Guinea; 2024. Available from: https://matd.gov.gn/
14. National Institute of Statistics Guinea. Third General Population and Housing Cen-sus (RGPH-3). Guinea; 2014. Available from: https://www.stat-guinee.org/
15. Köppen climate classification. Guinea: Prefecture of Gueckédou.
16. Chén OY, Bodelet JS, Saraiva RG, Phan H, Di J, Nagels G, Schwantje T, Cao H, Gou J,Reinen JM, XiongB, ZhiB,WangX, deVosM. Theroles, challenges, and mer-its of thepvalue. Patterns (NY). 2023Dec8; 4(12): 100878. doi:10.1016/j.patter.2023.100878. PMID: 38106615; PMCID: PMC10724370.
17. Tang X, Hu Y, Zhong X, Xu H. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Adenovirus, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus Among Outpatient Children With Acute Diarrhea in Chongqing, China, 2017-2019. Front Pediatr. 2022 Mar 3; 10: 826600. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.826600. PMID: 35311045; PMCID: PMC8929441.
18. Tang X, Hu Y, Zhong X, Xu H. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Adenovirus, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus among Outpatient Children with Acute Diarrhea in-Chongqing, China, 2017-2019. Front Pediatr. 2022 Mar3; 10:826600. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.826600. PMID: 35311045; PMCID: PMC8929441.
19. Griffiths L. Animal reservoirs and the transmission of gastroenteritis viruses. Zoon-oses Public Health.2013;60(7):456–471.Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12048.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 André Saa Togbodouno, Roland Tenkiano, Emmanuel Saa Millimono, René Tamba Tolno, Jacqueline Sia Mara, Ramatoulaye Balde, Lansana II Soumah, Moussa Kolié, Laurent Gbago Onivogui, Sanaba Boumbaly, Boubacar Sidy Sily Bah, Mohamed Sahar Traore

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work













