Phytochemical Composition, Evaluation of Physicochemical and Antifungal Properties of a Syrup Formulated with Jatropha Curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) Extracts
Composition Phytochimique, Évaluation des Propriétés Physicochimiques et Antifongiques d'un Sirop Formulé à Base d’Extraits de Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19430393Keywords:
Jatropha curcas, phytochemical composition, syrup, antifungal, antioxidant propertiesAbstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction. The widespread use of medicinal plants in the treatment of various pathologies, particularly infectious and oxidative diseases, is justified by their pharmacological properties and low toxicity. Thus, Jatropha curcas leaves are known for their antimicrobial properties and are used in the traditional treatment of infectious diseases, notably fungal infections. Methodology. Jatropha curcas leaves collected in the Central region, Lekie Department, Obala District (Cameroon) was used for preparation of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts using maceration method. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the both extracts to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. Subsequently, a spectrophotometric assay of total polyphenols and flavonoids was carried out, and antioxidant activity was determined by the scavenging of the stable DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical. The micro-dilution assay was used to evaluate the antifungal activity of hydro-ethanolic extract and formulated syrup against Candida albicans strain. Results. The study of Jatropha curcas leaves demonstrated an optimal extraction yield of 38% for the aqueous extract, identifying key bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids. These hydro-ethanolic extracts exhibited remarkable pharmacological potency, with an antioxidant activity (IC50) of 1.135 µg/ml and an antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans that was four times greater than fluconazole. The resulting syrup formulation was characterized by a Brix value of 65 and a pH of 8, aligning strictly with CODEX STAN 247 standards. Furthermore, microbiological analysis confirmed a high safety profile with the total absence of pathogens, including E. coli, S. aureus, and molds. Conclusion. Jatropha curcas show strong antifungal potential, particularly against Candida albicans, and could be useful against fungal infections and gastroenteritis.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L'utilisation répandue des plantes médicinales dans le traitement de diverses pathologies, notamment infectieuses et oxydatives, se justifie par leurs propriétés pharmacologiques et leur faible toxicité. Ainsi, les feuilles de Jatropha curcas sont reconnues pour leurs propriétés antimicrobiennes et sont utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel des maladies infectieuses, en particulier les mycoses. Méthodologie. Des feuilles de Jatropha curcas, récoltées dans la région centrale, département de Lekie, district d'Obala (Cameroun), ont servi à la préparation d'extraits aqueux et hydroéthanoliques par macération. Un criblage phytochimique a été réalisé sur les deux extraits afin d'identifier la présence de métabolites secondaires. Un dosage spectrophotométrique des polyphénols totaux et des flavonoïdes a ensuite été effectué, et l'activité antioxydante a été déterminée par piégeage du radical stable DPPH (2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyle). Un test de microdilution a été utilisé pour évaluer l'activité antifongique de l'extrait hydroéthanolique et du sirop formulé contre une souche de Candida albicans. Résultats. L'étude des feuilles de Jatropha curcas révèle un rendement d'extraction optimal de 38 % en phase aqueuse et la présence de composés bioactifs majeurs (polyphénols, flavonoïdes, alcaloïdes). Les extraits hydro-éthanoliques présentent une activité antioxydante remarquable (IC50 de 1,135 µg/ml) et une efficacité antifongique contre Candida albicans quatre fois supérieure au fluconazole. Le sirop formulé affiche des paramètres physico-chimiques conformes aux normes CODEX STAN 247 (pH 8, Brix 65) et une stabilité microbiologique totale, garantissant l'absence de germes pathogènes. Conclusion. Le sirop à base de Jatropha curcas présente un fort potentiel antifongique, notamment contre Candida albicans, et pourrait être utile contre les infections fongiques et les gastro-entérites.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Judith Caroline Ngo Nyobe, Steve Henrivoundi Olugu, Lidwine Ngah, Vanessa Boudjeka, Calvin Nguidjol Biyick, Lawrence Eno Belinga Essama, Gisele Etame Loe
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