Button Battery Ingestion in Children in Niamey, Niger: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects: An 11‑Year Cross‑Sectional Study of 35 Cases
Ingestion de Pile Bouton chez l'Enfant À Niamey : Aspects Épidémiologiques, Diagnostiques et Thérapeutiques : Une Étude Transversale de 35 Cas sur 11 Ans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18628796Keywords:
button battery, esophagus, child, endoscopy, emergency.Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Objectif. Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de l’ingestion de pile bouton dans notre service. Patients et Méthodes. Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale, de type descriptif, menée dans le service d’Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale (ORL et CCF) de l’Hôpital National de Niamey (HNN), sur une période de 11 ans incluant tous les enfants pris en charge pour corps étranger œsophagien à type de pile bouton. Résultats. Sur les 35 cas colligés, on dénombrait 22 garçons (62,86%) et 13 filles (37,14%). L’âge moyen des enfants était de 2 ans avec des extrêmes de 7 mois et 6 ans. L’hypersialorrhée (100%) et le refus de s’alimenter (100%) étaient les principaux motifs de consultation avec un délai moyen d’évolution de 21 jours. Le délai moyen de réalisation de l’endoscopie, après admission, était de 10,34 heures avec des extrêmes de 5 et 24 heures. Cette endoscopie a permis de préciser le siège qui était l’œsophage cervical dans 26 cas (74,29%), l’œsophage thoracique dans 8 cas (22,85%) et l’œsophage abdominal dans 1 cas (2,86%). Une fistule œso-trachéale était retrouvée dans 1 cas (2,86%). L’endoscopie a ensuite permis de procéder à l’extraction de la pile bouton dans 97,14% des cas (n=34). L’évolution post endoscopique a été marquée par la survenue de séquelles à type de sténose œsophagienne chez 2 enfants (5,71%). Conclusion. L’admission d’enfants porteurs d’une pile bouton œsophagienne, constitue une situation peu fréquente au service d’ORL et CCF de l’HNN. Du fait des lésions œsophagiennes parfois graves qu’elle engendre, elle fait l’objet d’une prise en charge endoscopique en urgence.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of button battery ingestion in our department. Patients and Methods. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in the Otolaryngology and Cervico-Facial Surgery (ENT and CCF) department of the Hôpital National de Niamey (HNN), over a period of 11 years including all children treated for esophageal foreign body of the button battery type. Results. Of the 35 cases collected, there were 22 boys (62.86%) and 13 girls (37.14%). The children's average age was 2 years, ranging from 7 months to 6 years. Hypersalivation (100%) and refusal to eat (100%) were the main reasons for consultation, with an average duration of 21 days. The average time to completion of endoscopy, after admission, was 10.34 with extremes of 5 and 24 hours. Endoscopy allowed for precise identification of the button battery's location: the cervical esophagus in 26 cases (74.29%), the thoracic esophagus in 8 cases (22.85%), and the abdominal esophagus in 1 case (2.86%). An esophagotracheal fistula was found in 1 case (2.86%). Endoscopy then allowed for the removal of the button battery in 97.14% of cases (n=34). The post-endoscopic course was marked by the occurrence of sequelae in the form of esophageal stenosis in 2 children (5.71%). Conclusion. The admission of children with an esophageal button battery is an uncommon occurrence in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery department of HNN. Due to the sometimes-serious esophageal damage it causes, it requires emergency endoscopic management.
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