Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Congolese Patients: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolutionary Profile – A Cross‑Sectional Study of 114 Cases in Brazzaville
Obésité et Diabète Sucré de Type 2 chez le Sujet Congolais : Profil Épidémiologique, Clinique et Évolutif – Une Étude Transversale de 114 Cas à Brazzaville
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18630646Keywords:
Obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, BrazzavilleAbstract
Introduction. In Congo, local data describing the characteristics of the association between obesity and diabetes mellitus remain limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of the association between these two conditions in Congolese subjects in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods. This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted from 1 May to 31 December 2025 in the metabolic and endocrine diseases department of the Brazzaville University Hospital Centre, involving adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) of Congolese nationality with obesity (body mass index or BMI ≥30 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results. The study involved 114 patients with a mean age of 44.30 ± 8.8 years, with a predominance of females (61.4%). The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 6.98 ± 2.58 years. The mean HbA1C was 8.55 ± 1.34%. Android obesity was present in 90.4% of cases. The average BMI was 37.12 ± 4.6 kg/m². Comorbidities associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus were high blood pressure (52.63%), dyslipidaemia (63.2%) and metabolic syndrome (91.22%). Patients presented with cardiovascular complications (49.1%), osteoarticular complications (29.8%) and metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) in 53.5% of cases. They were treated with oral and injectable non-insulin antidiabetic drugs in 44.7% of cases. Conclusion. The combination of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with significant morbidity. Optimising prevention strategies, early screening and multidisciplinary management is essential.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Farel Elilie Mawa Ongoth, Nestor Andzouana Mbamognoua, Jordy Maurice Kono Boukoulou, Loumade Elenga-Bongo, Raïssa Laure Mayanda, Joel Rudy Ekoundzola, O. Yvonne Marline Dinghat, Aymande Okoumou-Moko, Séverin Eloi Nkoua, Rolly Junior Louzolo-Kimbembe, Evariste Bouenizabila, Henri Germain Monabeka
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