Prevalence and Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease among Students in Bobo-Dioulasso
Prévalence et Facteurs Associés au Reflux Gastro-Œsophagien en Milieu Estudiantin à Bobo-Dioulasso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17630885Keywords:
Gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, associated factors, medical students, Nazi Boni University, Burkina FasoAbstract
RESUME
Introduction. Le reflux gastro-œsophagien constitue un trouble digestif fréquent dont la prévalence chez les jeunes adultes africains reste mal documentée. Au Burkina Faso, les étudiants en médecine, exposés à un stress académique important et à des habitudes de vie potentiellement délétères, représentent une population particulièrement vulnérable. Cette étude visait à déterminer la prévalence du RGO et à identifier ses facteurs associés parmi les étudiants en médecine de l'Université Nazi Boni à Bobo-Dioulasso. Patients et méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale descriptive et analytique menée du 1er au 30 juin 2024 auprès d'étudiants de la 3e à la 6e année de médecine, âgés d’au moins 18 ans de l’Université Nazi Boni. Résultats. Les données de 280 étudiants âgés de 18 à 27 ans ont été analysées. Le sex-ratio était de 2,04 et l’âge moyen de 23,2 ans +/- 1,6. Le reflux gastroœsophagien concernait 14,3% des étudiants. Un tiers d’entre eux (32,9%) avaient un indice de masse corporelle ≥ 25 Kg/m2. En analyse multivariée, les facteurs associés à la survenue de reflux gastro-œsophagien étaient la consommation de boissons énergisantes (p = 0,01) et les antécédents de lésion œsophagienne ou gastrique antérieure (p = 0,03). La consommation de fruits et légumes frais (p = 0,01), la pratique régulière d’une activité physique (p = 0,02) et un délai repas - coucher de 2-3 heures (p < 0,001) apparaissaient comme des facteurs protecteurs. Conclusion. Un étudiant en médecine sur sept à Bobo-Dioulasso (14,3%) souffre de RGO. La consommation de boissons énergisantes triple le risque de RGO, tandis que des antécédents de lésions endoscopiques le doublent. La consommation de fruits et légumes frais, une activité physique régulière, et le respect d'un intervalle de 2-3 heures entre le repas du soir et le coucher diminuent le risque Ces résultats mettent en lumière l'impact des habitudes de vie modifiables, suggérant la nécessité de programmes de promotion de la santé ciblant spécifiquement cette population.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common digestive disorder whose prevalence among young African adults remains poorly documented. In Burkina Faso, medical students, exposed to significant academic stress and potentially harmful lifestyle habits, represent a particularly vulnerable population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GERD and identify its associated factors among medical students at Nazi Boni University in Bobo-Dioulasso. Patients and methods. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from 1 to 30 June 2024 among third- to sixth-year medical students aged 18 years or older at Nazi Boni University. Results. Data from 280 students aged 18 to 27 years were analysed. The sex ratio was 2.04 and the average age was 23.2 years +/- 1.6. Gastroesophageal reflux affected 14.3% of students. One-third of them (32.9%) had a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux were energy drink consumption (p = 0.01) and a history of previous oesophageal or gastric lesions (p = 0.03). Consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables (p = 0.01), regular physical activity (p = 0.02) and a 2-3 hour interval between eating and going to bed (p < 0.001) appeared to be protective factors. Conclusion. One in seven medical students in Bobo-Dioulasso (14.3%) suffers from GERD. Consumption of energy drinks triples the risk of GERD, while a history of endoscopic lesions doubles it. Consuming fresh fruit and vegetables, regular physical activity, and allowing a 2-3 hour interval between the evening meal and bedtime reduce the risk. These results highlight the impact of modifiable lifestyle habits, suggesting the need for health promotion programmes specifically targeting this population.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Napon-Zongo Delphine, Koura Mâli, AbdelHadi Ouedraogo, Traoré Mohamed, Sanne ZitgnimianSouleymane, Paré Stella, Ekoume Yao Nathan, Zanga Damien Ouattara, Appolinaire Sawadogo

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