Overview of Urological Cancers in Abidjan: A Descriptive Hospital Study Over Five Years
Panorama des Cancers Urologiques à Abidjan : Étude Descriptive Hospitalière sur Cinq Ans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67260/hra.v3i11.7207Keywords:
Urological cancers, Côte d’Ivoire, Prostate, Bladder, Diagnostic delay, Palliative treatmentAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les cancers urologiques représentent un fardeau croissant de santé publique en Afrique subsaharienne. En Côte d'Ivoire, leur profil épidémiologique reste mal caractérisé, et les retards diagnostiques ainsi que l'accès limité aux traitements curatifs sont des préoccupations majeures. Cette étude visait à décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, anatomopathologiques et thérapeutiques des cancers urologiques pris en charge à Abidjan. Méthodologie. Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective et descriptive sur une cohorte de patients suivis entre janvier 2020 et décembre 2024 dans les services d'urologie et d'oncologie de deux centres hospitalo-universitaires d'Abidjan. L'analyse a porté sur les données de 853 patients présentant un cancer urologique confirmé histologiquement. Résultats. L'âge moyen des patients était de 61,3 ans, avec une prédominance masculine écrasante (94,3%). Le cancer de la prostate était le plus fréquent (74,9%), suivi du cancer de la vessie (17,1%). Un délai de consultation supérieur à 12 mois était observé chez 32,4% des patients. Au diagnostic, 43,6% des cancers étaient localement avancés et 35,8% métastatiques. Les traitements à visée palliative constituaient l'option principale pour le cancer de la prostate (68,8%) et de la vessie (50%). Seulement 32,2% des patients bénéficiaient d'une couverture médicale universelle. Conclusion. Les cancers urologiques à Abidjan affectent principalement des hommes âgés et sont diagnostiqués à des stades avancés, conduisant à une large utilisation de soins palliatifs. Ces résultats soulignent l'urgente nécessité de renforcer les programmes de dépistage précoce, d'améliorer l'accès financier aux soins et d'optimiser les filières de prise en charge pour améliorer le pronostic des patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Urological cancers represent a growing public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. In Côte d'Ivoire, their epidemiological profile remains poorly characterized, with late diagnosis and limited access to curative treatments being major concerns. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, pathological, and therapeutic characteristics of urological cancers managed in Abidjan. Methodology. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive cohort study of patients managed between January 2020 and December 2024 in the urology and oncology departments of two university hospitals in Abidjan. We analyzed data from 853 patients with histologically confirmed urological cancer. Results. The mean patient age was 61.3 years, with a striking male predominance (94.3%). Prostate cancer was the most frequent (74.9%), followed by bladder cancer (17.1%). A consultation delay exceeding 12 months was observed in 32.4% of patients. At diagnosis, 43.6% of cancers were locally advanced and 35.8% were metastatic. Palliative treatments were the primary option for prostate (68.8%) and bladder (50%) cancers. Only 32.2% of patients benefited from universal health coverage. Conclusion. Our study reveals that urological cancers in Abidjan primarily affect older men and are diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to a widespread use of palliative care. These findings underscore the urgent need to strengthen early detection programs, improve financial access to care, and optimize care pathways to improve patient prognosis.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gnabro Gnakouri Alain-P, Odo Bitti Addé, Vodi Clément Cyrille, Madiou MKA, Fofana Abroulaye, Drabo Ali, Kramo Nykan F, Coulibaly Issouf, Konan Kevin, Kouamé Benjamin, Konan Paul-Gerard, Dekou Angoran H
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