Depression in Newly Diagnosed HIV Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors in Bamenda, Cameroon
Dépression chez les Patients Nouvellement Diagnostiqués Séropositifs : Prévalence et Facteurs Associés à Bamenda, Cameroun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i8.6893Keywords:
Depression, associated factors, HIV, BamendaAbstract
Introduction. HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. HIV is a stressor that places infected persons at risk for psychological distress. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in PLHIV. In Cameroon, the management of HIV/AIDS does not take into account psychological aspects of patients hence depression is underdiagnosed. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among newly diagnosed HIV positive patients at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Methodology. A cross sectional study was carried out at the Bamenda Regional Hospital, for a duration of 6 months (January to June 2018). We recruited 265 participants aged 18years and above. Depression was assessed using a nine-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) with a positive screen defined as PHQ-9 ≥10. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 23 for Windows. Results. The prevalence of depression was 21.1% with the majority (57%) among depressed patients having symptoms corresponding to moderate depression. Significantly associated factors to mental depression were duration of treatment of HIV of less than 1month (OR 2.98 95% CI 1.20-7.37 p = 0.018) and stopping work after been diagnosed HIV positive (OR 9.94 95% CI 1.55-63.55 p = 0.015). Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of depression among newly diagnosed HIV infected patients with associated factors including duration of treatment of HIV less than 1 month and patient stopping work after diagnosis of HIV.
Introduction. Le VIH continue d'être un important problème de santé publique à l’échelle mondiale, ayant causé plus de 35 millions de décès à ce jour. Le VIH constitue un facteur de stress qui expose les personnes infectées à un risque de détresse psychologique. La dépression est l’un des troubles psychiatriques les plus fréquents chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH). Au Cameroun, la prise en charge du VIH/SIDA ne prend pas en compte les aspects psychologiques des patients, ce qui conduit à un sou-diagnostic de la dépression. Le but de notre étude était de déterminer la prévalence de la dépression et ses facteurs associés chez les patients nouvellement diagnostiqués séropositifs au VIH à l’Hôpital Régional de Bamenda, Cameroun. Méthodologie. Une étude transversale a été réalisée à l’Hôpital Régional de Bamenda sur une période de six mois (de janvier à juin 2018). Nous avons recruté 265 participants âgés de 18 ans et plus. La dépression a été évaluée à l’aide du questionnaire de santé du patient à neuf items (PHQ-9), un score ≥10 étant considéré comme un dépistage positif. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide du logiciel Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23 pour Windows. Résultats. La prévalence de la dépression était de 21,1 %, avec une majorité (57 %) des patients dépressifs présentant des symptômes correspondant à une dépression modérée. Les facteurs significativement associés à la dépression étaient une durée de traitement du VIH inférieure à un mois (OR = 2,98 ; IC 95 % : 1,20–7,37 ; p = 0,018) et l’arrêt du travail après le diagnostic de séropositivité (OR = 9,94 ; IC 95 % : 1,55–63,55 ; p = 0,015). Conclusion. Il existe une forte prévalence de la dépression chez les patients nouvellement diagnostiqués séropositifs au VIH, avec des facteurs associés incluant une durée de traitement inférieure à un mois et l’arrêt du travail après le diagnostic.
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