Breaking the Growth Barrier: Uncovering the Prevalence and Drivers of Stunting in Children under Five in Bamako
Briser le Plafond de Croissance : Une Enquête sur la Prévalence et les Facteurs Associés au Retard Staturopondéral chez les Enfants de Moins de 5 Ans à Bamako
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i7.6793Keywords:
Stunting, Children under five, MaliAbstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Mali, the analysis of the nutritional and food situation reveals significant challenges, with chronic malnutrition, particularly stunting, affecting over 24% of children. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and identify associated factors among children under five in the communes of Bamako, Mali. Methodology. This cross-sectional descriptive survey involved collecting data through questionnaires administered to mother-child pairs. The study was conducted across various health districts in Bamako. Results. A total of 384 mother-child pairs participated in the study. The average age of the children was 28.07 months, ranging from 12 to 59 months. The findings showed that 18.5% of children were severely stunted (HAZ < -3), 15.6% were moderately stunted (HAZ between -3 and -2), and 23.4% were mildly stunted (HAZ between -2 and -1). Altogether, this indicates a total stunting prevalence of 57.6% among the children assessed. Factors significantly associated with stunting included male sex (55,2%), maternal illiteracy (42,1%), low household income (p=0.42), comorbidities, and the lack of Vitamin A supplementation (P=0.01). Conclusion. This study highlights the high prevalence of stunting among children in Bamako, Mali, underscoring the urgent need for targeted programs to improve the nutritional status of children in the region.
RESUME
Introduction. Au Mali, l'analyse de la situation nutritionnelle et alimentaire révèle des défis importants, avec une malnutrition chronique, en particulier le retard de croissance, qui touche plus de 24 % des enfants. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer la prévalence du retard de croissance et d'identifier les facteurs associés chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans dans les communes de Bamako, au Mali. Méthodologie. Cette enquête descriptive transversale a consisté à collecter des données à l'aide de questionnaires administrés à des couples mère-enfant. L'étude a été menée dans différents districts sanitaires de Bamako. Résultats. Au total, 384 couples mère-enfant ont participé à l'étude. L'âge moyen des enfants était de 28,07 mois, allant de 12 à 59 mois. Les résultats ont montré que 18,5 % des enfants souffraient d'un retard de croissance sévère (HAZ < -3), 15,6 % d'un retard de croissance modéré (HAZ entre -3 et -2) et 23,4 % d'un retard de croissance léger (HAZ entre -2 et -1). Au total, cela indique une prévalence totale du retard de croissance de 57,6 % parmi les enfants évalués. Les facteurs significativement associés au retard de croissance comprenaient le sexe masculin (55,2 %), l'analphabétisme maternel (42,1 %), le faible revenu du ménage (p = 0,42), les comorbidités et l'absence de supplémentation en vitamine A (P = 0,01). Conclusion. Cette étude met en évidence la forte prévalence du retard de croissance chez les enfants de Bamako, au Mali, soulignant le besoin urgent de programmes ciblés pour améliorer l'état nutritionnel des enfants dans la région.
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